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An instance of
good straight racing between individual vessels occurred in 1866 with
Taeping docking 20 minutes ahead of Ariel , the Serica being a few
hours later on the same tide. The times were 99, 101 and 99 days
respectively from Foochow.
The
1867 race was
remarkable in that seven ships, Whiteadder, Ziba, Taitsing, Black
Prince, Yangtze, Chinaman and Deerfoot arrived on the same day in
London after 123, 121, 120, 119, 117 and 115 days from Foochow, with
Deerfoot 125 days from Whampoa.
1868 saw Ariel, T
aeping and Sir Lancelot leaving Foochow together , followed the next
day by Spindrift, and arriving in London 97, 102, 98 and 97 days later.
In 1872 Cutty Sark
and Thermopylae left Shanghai together, Thermopylae arriving in London
seven days ahead, due only to the Cutty Sark having lost her rudder and
having to finish with a jury one.
A great deal
of controversy had been aroused in the past as to the actual speed of
the clippers, and sailing ships in general. The methods used for
computing speeds varied from a patent log to the old style log and
glass, and it has been stated that the inaccuracies of the latter
allowed exaggeration; but one could also logically say it may have
underestimated speed as well.
Lord of the Isles was
reputed to have reached 18 knots, Spray of the Ocean 17, and Cutty Sark
17.5 knots with a day's run of 363 miles. Ariel and Thermopylae did 16
knots, and 14 to 15 knots was quite usual with many clippers.
Speeds of 21
knots have been claimed and disputed by experienced mariners, in the
correspondence columns of seaport newspapers at various times. Donald
McKay specified his Sovereign of the Seas as being a 21 knot ship, so
it must have been a reasonable figure for such an experienced designer
to forecast it. In recent years I was informed by an officer of the USS
Eagle that during a gale the ship had logged 21 knots measured by the
most modern recording apparatus, and this was in a fairly full-Iined
vessel with a high deck structure and a feathered propeller. The
sailmaker of the three-masted steel ship Brenda of 1891, a full-bodied
cargo carrier, used to tell me that on a number of occasions she logged
19 knots.
Captain Clark,
in his book The Clipper Ship Era, records the American Lightning and
the James Baines Blackball liner on the Liverpool-New York run logging
speeds of 18! and 17 to 21 knots. These Donald McKay creations,
together with his other noble ships, were probably the finest and
fastest sailing vessels ever built. The whole value of the clipper
ships, however, lay not only in their ability to attain high speeds
under ideal conditions for short periods, but in being able to move at
all when most other vessels were becalmed, and in maintaining good
average speeds for
all conditions.
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